Driven: An Exploration of Epimethean and Promethean Energies in Technological Development

Abstract

Humans have been seeking to improve their tools since they first learned how to tie a stone to a stick or put flint to a pile of twigs. This hermeneutic study examined the myths of Prometheus and Epimetheus, the Titan brothers associated with forethought and afterthought, respectively, and how their relationship with each other and mortal humans and animals might influence unconscious aspects of the human drive to produce technology without fully reflecting upon its consequences. Using the depth psychological practice of reverie, the myths were explored to arrive at eight themes. Reverie and Romanyshyn’s concept of transference dialogues, based on Jung’s active imagination, were used to develop an alternate story for Epimetheus. Traditional hermeneutics and reverie were employed to apply the themes to the emerging technology of lab-grown meat and explore how forethought and afterthought, or the lack thereof, have influenced its development. The research findings suggest that while some reflection occurred during the development of lab-grown meat, it typically took place later in the research process. The study also found there are areas where more conscious reflection is necessary prior to making claims regarding the benefits of a particular technology and that researchers, developers, and consumers have a responsibility to take an active role in applying reflective techniques when engaging with technological innovations. This research demonstrates that depth psychological practices can be utilized in scientific and technological development.